吉首大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 139-149.DOI: 10.13438/j.cnki.jdxb.2024.05.015

• 新时代 新青年 新学术:博士生论坛 • 上一篇    下一篇

重复仲裁司法审查的实践困境与修正路径

张健祯   

  1. (北京师范大学 法学院,北京 100875)
  • 出版日期:2024-09-01 发布日期:2024-09-10
  • 作者简介:张健祯,男,北京师范大学法学院博士生。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金一般项目(19BFX081)

The Practical Dilemma and Amendment Path of the Judicial Review of Duplicate Arbitration

ZHANG Jianzhen   

  1. (School of Law,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)
  • Online:2024-09-01 Published:2024-09-10

摘要:在司法实践中,重复仲裁司法审查的困境在于:过于原则化的“一裁终局”规范及其异化适用以及“一案一庭”制度,使得重复仲裁存在司法审查的必要性;以“仲裁当事人相同”“仲裁标的相同”为识别要素的现行重复仲裁识别标准能够被当事人采取措施刻意规避,重复仲裁的识别效果不尽如人意;以“程序监督论”为底色的程序性司法审查在应对复杂案情时难以满足实践需要,司法审查程序或将流于形式。为增强重复仲裁司法审查的实效性,应在仲裁法中强化该程序的立法表达:增设仲裁“一事不再理”规范,结束“一裁终局”与仲裁“一事不再理”概念混用的混乱局面;为遏制当事人恶意规避审查,应致力于建构以仲裁请求与原因事实为核心的重复仲裁识别新标准,弱化司法对仲裁“有限审查原则”的约束,以“款”的方式例外性地规定重复仲裁实体性司法审查;将重复仲裁规定为撤销仲裁裁决的法定事由之一,终结以“无权仲裁”“违反法定程序”或者“违背社会公共利益”为由否定重复裁决效力的争议,形成以仲裁“一事不再理”规范为总纲,以重复仲裁识别规范和重复裁决撤销规范为细则的仲裁“一事不再理”制度。

关键词: 仲裁, 司法, 重复仲裁, 司法审查, 《仲裁法》

Abstract: In judicial practice,the dilemma of judicial review in duplicate arbitration lies in:(1) The overly principled "one final arbitration" norm and its alienated application,as well as the "one case,one court" system,which makes duplicate arbitration necessary for judicial review;(2) The current identification criteria for duplicate arbitration based on the identification elements of "identical arbitration parties" and "identical arbitration objects" can be deliberately avoided by the parties,and the identification effect of duplicate arbitration is not satisfactory;(3) The procedural judicial review based on the theory of procedural supervision may not meet practical needs when dealing with complex cases,and the judicial review process may become mere formality.To enhance the effectiveness of judicial review in duplicate arbitration,the legislative expression of this procedure should be strengthened in the arbitration law.Firstly,the standard of "no further action" in arbitration should be established to end the confusion between the concepts of "one final decision" and "no further action" in arbitration.Secondly,in order to curb malicious evasion of review by parties,efforts should be made to construct a new standard for identifying duplicate arbitration based on arbitration requests and factual reasons,weaken the constraint of the judicial system on the "limited review principle" of arbitration,and provide for duplicate substantive judicial review of arbitration in an exceptional manner.Finally,duplicate arbitration should be made as one of the statutory reasons for revoking arbitration awards,and disputes that deny the effectiveness of duplicate arbitration on the grounds of "unauthorized arbitration","violation of legal procedures" or "violation of social public interests" should be ended.The ultimate goal is to establish an arbitration "non bis in idem" system with the arbitration "non bis in idem" standard as the overall outline,and the identification and revocation of duplicate arbitration standards as the detailed rules.

Key words: arbitration, judicial, duplicate arbitration, judicial review, Arbitration Law

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