Abstract: The continuous improvement of the language ability of the people out of poverty is an important factor to preventthem from returning to poverty on a large scale.It gives full play to their own "hematopoietic" function,stimulates their endogenous motivation,achieves an effective link between consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization,and contributes to national unity.The improvement of the language ability of the people out of poverty has a new direction:from "popularizing" Putonghua so as to get rid of absolute poverty to paying attention to improving one's comprehensive language quality so as to promote one's all-round and sustainable development;from improving the ability of Putonghua,to focusing on the cultivation of multilingualism based on Putonghua in order to expand personal development;from eradicating traditional poverty to paying attention to the cultivation of the ability to overcome multidimensional poverty in order to meet the requirements of new social development.The improvement of the language ability of the people out of poverty should be a multi-faceted and multi-dimensional "point" effort,so that the people who are out of poverty will not return to poverty and have the ability to prevent a new type of poverty.

Key words: language ability, rural revitalization, poverty alleviation, poverty governance