关键词： 监察权, 监察机关, 自我监督, 政治逻辑, 法治逻辑

Abstract: Self-supervision of supervisory power constitutes a core issue in the construction of the rule of law for supervision.Following the amendment of the Supervision Law of the People's Republic of China in 2025 and the launch of the "Year of Standardized,Law-Based,and Regularized Construction of Discipline Inspection and Supervision Work",self-supervision of supervisory power has entered a new phase of deepening characterized by the parallel advancement of systematization and rule-of-law alignment.Deeply embedded in the political tradition of the Communist Party of China's "self-revolution",self-supervision of supervisory power takes "loyalty to the Party" as its ethical foundation and "power as responsibility" as its operational logic.It exhibits several distinctive essential characteristics in terms of political endogeneity,functional primacy,comprehensive coverage of objects,and compound organizational structure.The current internal control mechanisms—centered on hierarchical approval,collective deliberation,specialized oversight,and case review—confront multiple structural tensions in practice.These tensions manifest as:dual governance by political and legal logic,the difficulty of bridging organizational rationality and individual accountability,inherent conflicts between same-source supervision and impartiality,and frictions between professional rationality and administrative decision-making.To refine the self-supervision system while adhering to fundamental political principles,it is necessary to pursue a set of integrated pathways:refining the allocation of approval authority,strengthening accountability mechanisms,elevating oversight effectiveness,reinforcing the authority of case review,and bridging internal and external oversight.Through these measures,a balanced integration of procedural norms and political considerations can be achieved,ensuring that supervisory power operates properly within the rule-of-law framework and that the political imperative embodied in the saying "to forge iron,one must be strong" is sustained by institutionalized self-supervision.

Key words: supervisory power, supervisory organs, self-supervision, political logic, rule-of-law logic