吉首大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (3): 66-75.DOI: 10.13438/j.cnki.jdxb.2026.03.007

• 法学 • 上一篇    下一篇

监察权自我监督的理论逻辑与实践审视

黄先雄,谭丁   

  1. (中南大学 法学院,湖南 长沙 410012)
  • 出版日期:2026-05-01 发布日期:2026-06-02
  • 作者简介:黄先雄,男,博士,中南大学法学院教授,博士生导师;谭丁,男,中南大学法学院博士生。

Self-Supervision of Supervisory Power:Theoretical Logic and Practical Examination

HUANG Xianxiong,TAN Ding   

  1. (School of Law,Central South University,Changsha 410012,China)
  • Online:2026-05-01 Published:2026-06-02

摘要:监察权自我监督是监察法治建设的核心议题。随着2025年《中华人民共和国监察法》修正,以及“纪检监察工作规范化法治化正规化建设年”的部署,监察权自我监督进入体系化与法治化并重的深化阶段。监察权自我监督深植于中国共产党“自我革命”的政治传统,以“对党忠诚”为伦理基石,以“权力即责任”为运行逻辑,在政治内生性、功能优先性、对象整全性与组织结构复合性等方面呈现出鲜明的本质特征。当前,以层级审批、集体合议、专门监督、案件审理为核心的内部控制机制,在制度运行中面临着政治逻辑与法治逻辑双重统摄、组织理性与个人责任衔接困难、同体监督与超然性内在冲突、专业理性与行政决策相互摩擦等结构性问题。完善自我监督体系,需在坚持根本政治原则的前提下,通过细化审批权限、完善责任追溯、提升监督效能、强化审理权威、衔接内外监督等路径,实现程序规范与政治考量的有机结合,确保监察权在法治轨道上规范运行,以制度化的自我监督支撑“打铁必须自身硬”的政治要求。

关键词: 监察权, 监察机关, 自我监督, 政治逻辑, 法治逻辑

Abstract: Self-supervision of supervisory power constitutes a core issue in the construction of the rule of law for supervision.Following the amendment of the Supervision Law of the People's Republic of China in 2025 and the launch of the "Year of Standardized,Law-Based,and Regularized Construction of Discipline Inspection and Supervision Work",self-supervision of supervisory power has entered a new phase of deepening characterized by the parallel advancement of systematization and rule-of-law alignment.Deeply embedded in the political tradition of the Communist Party of China's "self-revolution",self-supervision of supervisory power takes "loyalty to the Party" as its ethical foundation and "power as responsibility" as its operational logic.It exhibits several distinctive essential characteristics in terms of political endogeneity,functional primacy,comprehensive coverage of objects,and compound organizational structure.The current internal control mechanisms—centered on hierarchical approval,collective deliberation,specialized oversight,and case review—confront multiple structural tensions in practice.These tensions manifest as:dual governance by political and legal logic,the difficulty of bridging organizational rationality and individual accountability,inherent conflicts between same-source supervision and impartiality,and frictions between professional rationality and administrative decision-making.To refine the self-supervision system while adhering to fundamental political principles,it is necessary to pursue a set of integrated pathways:refining the allocation of approval authority,strengthening accountability mechanisms,elevating oversight effectiveness,reinforcing the authority of case review,and bridging internal and external oversight.Through these measures,a balanced integration of procedural norms and political considerations can be achieved,ensuring that supervisory power operates properly within the rule-of-law framework and that the political imperative embodied in the saying "to forge iron,one must be strong" is sustained by institutionalized self-supervision.

Key words: supervisory power, supervisory organs, self-supervision, political logic, rule-of-law logic

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