Table of Content

01 March 2000, Volume 21 Issue 1

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Philosophy

A Brief Account on Subject in Conformity with Law and Purpose

LIU Shu-Guang

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  1-8. 

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LIU Shu-Guang. A Brief Account on Subject in Conformity with Law and Purpose[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 1-8.

The proposition that the process of social history is in conformity with law and purpose is one of idealism, and in the history of philosophy, its subject evolved from God to Nature and to Reason, and it's forced to interpret it in the way of materialism. Based on the starting point of the “real man”, the founder of marxism rationally sift through this proposition. When talking about being in conformity with human purpose and historical law, Marx and Engels hold that the subject is “real man”. We can say that human activities are in conformity with human purpose and his torical law, but cannot say that the process of social history is in conformity with law and purpose.

Mao Zedong’s New Contribution to Marxist View of Human Rights

LI Zhao-Zhong

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  9-13. 

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LI Zhao-Zhong. Mao Zedong’s New Contribution to Marxist View of Human Rights[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 9-13.

The first generation leading core of the Chinese Communist Party represented by Mao Zedong, from the Marxist view that the right of existence is the first and foremost of all other human rights, made a profound analysis of the characteristics of semi-colonial and semi-feudal China, pointing out that the two greatest tasks of contemporary China was to fight for national independence and for people's demecracy, the former being the first and foremost. At that time, owing to the fact that there existed no Western-pattern democratic system in China, it was impossible for the Chinese people to obtain human rights by peaceful means. Instead, the Chinese people must fight for human rights with revolutionary forces against imperialism, feudalism and bureaucrat- capitalismMao Zedong and the Chinese Communist Party eventually succeeded in leading the Chinese people to win national independence, hence making a his toricleap in the development of Marxist view of human rights.

The Appearance and Perfection of Man’s Quality under Socialist Market Economy

HUANG Ying

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  14-16. 

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HUANG Ying. The Appearance and Perfection of Man’s Quality under Socialist Market Economy[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 14-16.

Man's quality is formed his torically and keeps changing constantly. It has different appearances under different historical conditions.The founding of socialist market economic system has improved man’s quality to a higher degree, but not to the level of perfection. Therefore, it is necessary to overcome the negative influence of socialist market economy on man and to perfect man's essence. Only in this way can man be made free, and all-round developed under the socialist market economy.

On the Quality, Quantity and Dimension of the Primary Stage of Socialism

ZHU Ting-Lan

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  17-20. 

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ZHU Ting-Lan. On the Quality, Quantity and Dimension of the Primary Stage of Socialism[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 17-20.

In order to have a correct undersatnding of the basic national conditions that our country is still in the primary stage of socialism, it is important for us to examine the quality, quantity and dimension of this stage. Socialism is  its specified quality which is quite dif ferent from that of capitalism; primariness is its specified quantity which is different from that of the transitional and advanced stages; and the unity of socialism and primary stage and the period of existence is its specified dimension.

Changes of Production Relations in the Time of Transformation of Society

TIAN Yu-Zhi

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  21-23. 

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TIAN Yu-Zhi. Changes of Production Relations in the Time of Transformation of Society[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 21-23.

In the time of transformat ion of society, the old production relations, apart from the impediment they bring to the development of productive forces, have factors more or less beneficial to the development of productive forces. The rising class may well consider building up new production relations to fit to the requircment of the development of productive forces on the basis of obsorbing positive factors in the old productive relations.

On the Character of the Community of Human and Social Science

LI Xue-Ming

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  24-28. 

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LI Xue-Ming. On the Character of the Community of Human and Social Science[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 24-28.

Introducing concepts of “paradigm” and “communi ty of science” into human and social sciences is of great theoretical and methodological significance. This article puts forward the concept of “ the community of human and social science” as opposed to the concept of “community of science”, and preliminariy discusses its fundamental charac teristics: common out look of subject and methodology, common suppositions, common principles, common research fields, common theses and common advocations.

Ethics

Democratization of Politics is the Institutional Guarantee for Progress of Morality

TANG Kai-Lin, REN Jian-Dong

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  29-33. 

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TANG Kai-Lin, REN Jian-Dong. Democratization of Politics is the Institutional Guarantee for Progress of Morality[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 29-33.

Democratization of politics is the mostimprotant condition for building up socialist morality. Carrying forward democratization will undoubtedly promote socialist morality to fully display its advantages, and the institutionalization of democracy is the lever to the development and perfection of socialist moral system.

On Moral Principles of Administrators

MENG Zhao-Wu

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  34-38. 

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MENG Zhao-Wu. On Moral Principles of Administrators[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 34-38.

Good moral principles of administ ractors constitute one of the traditional chinese virtues. In this sense,to build up and enhance the professional morality of administractors is of remarkable social significance and of great profes sional value as well.

Law

Challenges and countermeasures for Protecting Copyright in Digital Times

HE Min, ZHOU Chun

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  39-44. 

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HE Min, ZHOU Chun. Challenges and countermeasures for Protecting Copyright in Digital Times[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 39-44.

Because of the application of the digital technology, we are facing the new challenge in protecting and managing copyright in an electronic environment. We can no longer solve this problem merely resorting to law. The final solution to this challenge of technical progress lies in technology itself. In order to better protect copyright, pe opleapply various technical measures. In this situation we must try to design a sound system of protecting copyright, including electricgun, technical countermeasures and anti-circumvention technology.

Economics

On Principles of Estimation of Payment for Managerial Labour——An Analysis of Value of Managerial Action

PENG Xue-Ming

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  45-47. 

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PENG Xue-Ming. On Principles of Estimation of Payment for Managerial Labour——An Analysis of Value of Managerial Action[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 45-47.

Management is a valuable action which can be measured. Payment for managers is intrinsically decided by their magnitude of value indirectly formed by managerial action.This magnitude should be estimated from both budgetary and real value.The budgetary value calculated by magnitude of job responsibility decides probable standard of payment.The real payment of managers must be adjus ted according to their action value.Therefore, an appropriate system of restraint and measurement of value is indispensable.

Cultural Studies

On the Systematic Development of Cultural and Tourist Products in Our Country

XIAO Zhong-Dong

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  48-51. 

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XIAO Zhong-Dong. On the Systematic Development of Cultural and Tourist Products in Our Country[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 48-51.

Under the situation of knowledge economy, a deeper-layer exploitation of tourist resources becomes the major trend of the development of tourist industry in our country.Therefore, it is an urgent job to do researches on the systematic development of cultural and tourist products ( CTP) . Based on the paper On the Structural Conve rsion of Tourist Pro ducts in Our Count ry , this article further analyses the system of CTP and discusses some ways for the nations development of tourism in the new century.

A Cultural Examination on the Change of Leisure Patterns of the Peasants of Western Hunan

YOU Jun, LONG Xian-Qiong

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  52-56. 

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YOU Jun, LONG Xian-Qiong. A Cultural Examination on the Change of Leisure Patterns of the Peasants of Western Hunan[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 52-56.

Based on the on- the- spot investigation data, the authors of this article analyze form a cul tural angle the rich connotation of the change of leisure pa tterns of the present- day peasants of Western Hunan, expound i ts cultural signi f ication and of fersome opinions on the correct undersatnding of this change and on the proper guidance of the trend.

On the Sports Wrestling of the Tujia People and Its Cultural Connotation

PENG Chang-Jin, TIAN Xiao-Hong

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  57-59. 

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PENG Chang-Jin, TIAN Xiao-Hong. On the Sports Wrestling of the Tujia People and Its Cultural Connotation[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 57-59.

The Tujia people's sports wrestling in the way of waist-embracing may be divided into two types: fixed wrestling and free wrestling. Because of its simple rules and easy-to-find sports ground, it is very popular in the district invabited by Tujia people in western Hunan. Originated from the life and production activities, it reflects the braver toughness and martial spirit of the Tujia people.

Diachronic and Synchronic Analysis of Miao Culture

LUO Kang-Long

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  60-63. 

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LUO Kang-Long. Diachronic and Synchronic Analysis of Miao Culture[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 60-63.

Based on historical data and on- the- spot investigation data, the author of this paper makes a diachronic as well as a synchronic analysis of the Miao culture, stating that the Miao culture, though apparently diversifying, is internally consistent.

Ethnology

Cons iderations on How to Help the Minority Areas to Shake off Poverty and Become Rich

ZHU Dong-Liang, YI Xiao-Ming

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  64-70. 

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ZHU Dong-Liang, YI Xiao-Ming. Cons iderations on How to Help the Minority Areas to Shake off Poverty and Become Rich[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 64-70.

Based on an analysis of the particular conditions in the minority areas, this article discusses some fundamental ways for the minority people to shake off poverty and become rich.

Several Considerations on the Economic Policy of the Minority Area Bordering Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing and Guizhou Provinces

LV Xue-Fang

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  71-76. 

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LV Xue-Fang . Several Considerations on the Economic Policy of the Minority Area Bordering Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing and Guizhou Provinces[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 71-76.

It is a very important job to formulate proper economic policy in the minority area bordering Hunan,Hubei , Chongqing and Guizhou provinces. When doing this job, great attention must be paid to the area's special charac teristics, i. e. it is an area of old revotutionary base bordering several provinces, remote, economically underdeveloped and inhabited by minority nationalities. The key in doing well this job is to keep the overall situation in mind, be practical and realistic and have the future development in view, and to work out a series of protective and supporting policies so as to promote the economic development in this area.

A Study of the Problem of Minorit Female Education ofin Xiangxi Autonomous Prafecture

WU Fang-Yun, TIAN Wen-Hui

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  77-80. 

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WU Fang-Yun, TIAN Wen-Hui. A Study of the Problem of Minorit Female Education ofin Xiangxi Autonomous Prafecture[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 77-80.

The backwardness of education in Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture impedes to a considerable degree social and economic development of the area.The most urgent thing to do in this aspect is to analyse and find out causes of this backward state of affair, lay more emphasis to female education, take offective measures, and program female education into the overall plam of the Prefecture's vigorous development through sciecce and education and make female education a part of the strtegy of solving key problems in helping the poor.

History

On the Centrality of the History of China

LEI Ge

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  81-84. 

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LEI Ge. On the Centrality of the History of China[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 81-84.

Throughout the history of Chinese historical science, there has been existing an intellectual demand for the true unders tanding of the history of China. Since the beginning of the 20th century, this demand has been growing more conspicuously. It has even shaped one of the most elementary forces in the modern Chinese historical circles.

On the Influence of Modern New Technical Revolution upon the Development of Historical Science

MAO Xi

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  85-88. 

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MAO Xi. On the Influence of Modern New Technical Revolution upon the Development of Historical Science[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 85-88.

Modern new technical revolution has already greatly influenced the development of historical science, and will eventually lead to a revolution in the field. Modern new technical revolution influences the historical science at least in ten aspects: 1. It broadens the research scope of historical science. 2. It compels historical science to at tach greater importance to its own function. 3. Trans-subject and trans-regional large-scale researches become one of the major trends. 4.Thinking modes of his torical science are rene wed. 5.New theories and new methods are adopted. 6.New research approaches, especially computers,will play a particular role. 7. The carriers and forms of research fruit are diversi fied. 8. Concepts and cate gories of historical science are renewed. 9. The spirits of science and humanism are combined. 10. Congnitive structure of historical science are renewed.

Literature

The Development and Transformation of Vanguard Fiction in the 1980's- 1990's

YANG Bin

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  89-93. 

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YANG Bin. The Development and Transformation of Vanguard Fiction in the 1980's- 1990's[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 89-93.

The author of this paper discusses the characteristics of the emergence and development of vanguardfiction in the 1980's, its transformation in the 1990's, and its influence on literature creation in the new age.

Some New Argumentations On Aunt Xue

ZHANG Li-Ling

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  94-97. 

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ZHANG Li-Ling. Some New Argumentations On Aunt Xue[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 94-97.

Aunt Xue is one of the less important Characters in the classical novel A Dream of Red Mansions ,who is often biased in the past reviewing articles owing to a neglect of her special status in the Jia family.The author of this paper holds that Aunt Xue is a kind and good-natured lady as well as a talented mistress of the Xue family Only by keeping this in mind can one have a correct understanding of this rich-contented literary figure.

Child's Heart and Ideal——A Comparison Between Shen Congwen’s Children’s World and That of Tiggor's

YANG Yu-Zhen

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  98-100. 

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YANG Yu-Zhen. Child's Heart and Ideal——A Comparison Between Shen Congwen’s Children’s World and That of Tiggor's[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 98-100.

Both Shen Congwen and Tiggor pour love and sing eulogy to chi ldren's world in their works, embodying their ideals of freedom and beauty in the innocence, purity, nature and love of the children. However, owing to their different social ideals, different sense of beauty and different cultural traditions the two great writers also show different styles and different value-orientations in their works.

Linguistics

Adopting Correct Attitude Toward Popular Loanwords

WEN Hong

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  101-103. 

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WEN Hong. Adopting Correct Attitude Toward Popular Loanwords[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 101-103.

Popular usage of loanwords is one of the characteristics of morden language.Loanwords have enriched the Chinese vocabulary as well as enhanced its expressing ability. Nevertheless, some loanwords are different from the standard Chinese language. Our attitude toward those loanwords should be that on the one hand, adopting those that have been accepted through common usage , on the other hand, standardizing those that are not in conformity with the law of Chinese language.

Aesthetics

Poetic Conversion Beween Life Tragedy and Artistic Beauty

SU Shi-Lai

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  106-109. 

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SU Shi-Lai. Poetic Conversion Beween Life Tragedy and Artistic Beauty[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 106-109.

The story of Sima Qian “writing an immortal book after receiving a punishment of castration” has produced a great influence on literary creation in the Chinese literature critical history.The author of this article, from the angle of psychological aesthetics, discusses in four aspects both the possibility and inevitability of conversion form life tragedy to artistic beauty.

Education

On the Reconstruction of Class and Grade Managerial Organization in the University

ZHOU Li-Bin

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  110-113. 

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ZHOU Li-Bin. On the Reconstruction of Class and Grade Managerial Organization in the University[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 110-113.

The traditional norm of class and grade managerial organization is resulted from the system of natural,agricultural and planning economy,whose defects  lie in its hierarchical, close and formalist management .This  state of affairs is totally incompatible with the conditions under market and knowledge economy. The new norm of class and grade organization should be one that is competitive, shif table, carrying a system of appointment, and working under the guidance of teachers.

On the Lawful Management of College Students

SHI Shao-Gen

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  114-116. 

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SHI Shao-Gen. On the Lawful Management of College Students[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 114-116.

It is the requirement of a civilized society to adjust and standardize college students behavior by lawful means. This paper discusses the social foundation, theoretical ground and legal standard for the lawful management of college students.

Information and Archives

On the Archives Management and the Knowledge Economy

ZHOU Xiao-Yun

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  117-118. 

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ZHOU Xiao-Yun. On the Archives Management and the Knowledge Economy[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 117-118.

Based on the definition and characteristic of knowledge economy, the author points out that the rise of knowledge economy will eventually leads to a revolution in archives management. The author also offers some counter measures for the archivists to meet the challenge of the knowledge economy.

Education

Quality Education and English Examinations

ZHONG Feng-Ju, GUO Zi-Xian

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  119-121. 

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ZHONG Feng-Ju, GUO Zi-Xian. Quality Education and English Examinations[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 119-121.

The article briefly introduced quality education, analysed English-quality teaching, indicated the disadvantages of the traditional English examinations. It expounded the methods and significance of the implementation of quality-education oriented English examinations.

On the Methods of Teaching English Listening Comprehension

FAN Zheng-Jun

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  122-124. 

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FAN Zheng-Jun. On the Methods of Teaching English Listening Comprehension[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 122-124.

Listening comprehension is one of the most important skills to be acquired in language study.This article offers three approaches to this course——how to discriminate sounds, how to interpret meanings and how to decipher implied messages.

Linguistics

The Relationships Between the Infinitive Used as a Noun-modifier and Its Central Word

WANG Fu-Lan

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  125-126. 

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WANG Fu-Lan. The Relationships Between the Infinitive Used as a Noun-modifier and Its Central Word[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 125-126.

This paper deals with the five relationships between the infinitive used as a noun-modi fier and its central word.

Education

Applying “3P” Teaching Methodology and Enhancing Minority Middle School Students' English Level

TAO Yong-Hui

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1):  127-128. 

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TAO Yong-Hui. Applying “3P” Teaching Methodology and Enhancing Minority Middle School Students' English Level[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2000, 21(1): 127-128.

“3P” approaches——“Presentation Activi ties”, “Practice Activi ties” and “Production Activities” are a revolutionized teaching methodology to the traditionals “poon-feeding way of teaching”, and are of practical significance to the enhancement of the English level of minority middle school students.