Journal of Jishou University(Social Sciences Edition)

On Shen Congwen's Fenghuan Complex and the Cultural Characteristics of His Novels

YANG Yi

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 1-4.

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Shen Congwens Fenghuan complex is embodied both in his description of Xiangxi with Fenghuang,his hometown,at the core and in his spiritual connection with Chu culture,which deeply influences his value orientation in literary creation and helps form the cultural nature of his novels.

On the Tragic Character of Men and Women in Shen Congwen's Fictions Who Return to Mountain Caves to Make Love and Die

WANG Run-Hua

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 5-11.

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Mountain cave stories in Shen Congwen's fictions are one of the native myths.In many of his fictions such as “Spectacle under the Moon",“Mei Jin,Leopard and Goat",“Three Men and a Woman",and “Seven Savages and the Last Spring Festival",Shen Congwen describes lovers who go to mountain caves to make love and then die there,signifying the death of love bound by nature and god.

On the “Beijing School" and the “Shanghai School" under Shen Congwen's View of Serious Literature

WANG Ji-Zhi

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 12-21.

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The literary creation of the school of “Beijing School” may be divided into two periods,the early period and the later period.Shen Congwen,who always upheld the principles of serious literature,viewed that the main scholars of the school in the early period represented by Zhou Zuoren and Fei Ming turned from“active”to “passive” in the late 1920s and early 1930s,i.e. from active pursuit of social culture to passive “individual interest ”pursuit.After 1933,the “Bejing School” merged with the “Shanghai School”.Shen Congwen's articles“Comment on Feng Wenbing”,“Attitude of Literary men”,“On Literary School”,etc.are in fact a kind of criticism on the literary tendency of “individual interest” and commercialism,the sole purpose of which is to defend the dignity of China's new culture.

On the Misleading Phenomena Existing in the Root-seeking Research of the Cultural Character of Shen Congwen——Speech at the International Academic Symposium on the Centenial Birth of Shen Congwen

LIU Yi-You

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 22-23.

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The causes that lead to the errors in the research of the cultural character of Shen Congwen mainly lie in that the researchers misrecognize the regional breadth and the nationalities distribution in Xiangxi.Moreover,Shen Congwen's self-claimed nationality identity also confuses researchers sometimes.

Understand Shen Congwen——On Mr Shen Changing His Profession

YANG Rui-Ren

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 24-26.

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Why Mr.Shen abandoned literature for archaeology has become a hot topic in the study of Shen Congwen.In his life,Mr Shen took up writing for about 25 years and engaged in archaewlogy for 40 years.So when we study Shen Congwen,it is an inevitable problem about how to evaluate his late 40 years.This article holds that,apart from various political reasons,the reason why Mr.Shen changed his profession lies in his personal interest and his ideas on choosing profession“what others abandon,I'll take",and that we should give full understanding to his choice,therwise it would be difficult for us to evaluate his late 40 years' work and even his whole life.

Another Expression of Gazing at the Distant Scene——A tentative analysis on the Art of Metaphor in Shen Congwen's Novels

YAO Yan-Yu

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 27-31.

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In his novels,Shen Congwen has developed an art of metaphor of his own by likening the characters to the common animals and plants in the countryside and by making full use of folk language.The metaphors not only make natural portrait but achieve high aesthetic standard as well.

On the Objectivity of Historical Materialism and Historical Law

ZHUANG Guo-Xiong

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 32-37.

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Historical law is the important part of theoretical content of Historical materialism.Two important aspects of the objectivity of historical law are whether there is historical law and whether it depends upon man's will.According to historical materialism,man encounters and realizes historical law in the living world as well as in millions and millions of practical activities.This is the noumenon affirmation of the historical law.The discovery and interpretation of historical law is its perceptual demonstration.Historical law is,in essence,the law of man's practical activity.Therefore,one cannot say in the abstract that historical law has nothing to do with man's will,nor can one say in the abstract that man cannot create and destroy historical law.All historical laws develop and die out in the historical development of man's practical activities.

On the Dialectical Relationship between the Law of “One Dividing into Three” and Biological Science

ZHOU De-Yi

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 38-42.

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This article probes into the dialectical relationship between the law of “one dividing into three” and cytology,genctics,eco-balance and the role of bioheredity,variation and selection in the biological evolution and expounds on the universal adaptability of the one-dividing -into-three law in the field of life science.

Harmonious Man——Man and His Moral Perspective from the View of Confucianism

CAO Gang, WANG Yan-Ling

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 43-47.

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Man and his relationship with the world is a basic issue in the study of philosophy and ethics. Different progress of social civilization will influence the answer to this issue. While in the western culture the relationship of man has been understood objectifiedly and externally from a point of view which separates man from the outer world, man according to Confucianism is harmonious, which is reflected in the harmony between man and the nature, between man and man and between body and mind.As a feudal ideological system, Confucianism is outdated,but it has a rich content of wisdom and historical experiences which are of significance to the present-day moral practice.and its truth will provide rich historical resources for the contemporary social development and the perfection of human being.

An Outline Study on Japanese Environmental Ethic Thought

ZENG Jian-Ping, YANG Fang

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 48-52.

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Japanese environmental ethic thought came into being while environmental pollution produced social effect.It has gone through four stages and now is in mature period.Its theses touch upon five aspects.There are five Japanese environmental ethical thinkers such as Ikeda Daisaku,etc.This article tries to evaluate Japanese environmental ethic thought from the perspective of its relationship with the Japanese traditional culture, and by comparing it with Western environmetal ethic thought.There are five tendencies in the development of Japanese environmental ethic thought.

On the Confucian “Benevolence” and the Christian “Universal Love”

ZHU Quan-Hong, ZHANG Ping-Ying

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 53-58.

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The Confucian “benevolence” and the Christian “universal love” are the cores of Confucianism and the moral principles of Christianity, which have contributed a great deal respectively in the long history of the development of Eastern and Western civilizations. The difference of the two concepts is that the Confucius Benevolence means love for people according to their different social status with family, filial piety and fraternal duty as its basis, while the Christian universal love stresses an equal and unconditional love for others, even including one's enemies. These two ancient ideas are still of great significance today in modeling a new type of harmonious human relationship as well as in regulating the relationship between man and nature, man and society and his fellow beings.

On Confucius’s Thinking of “Etiquette and Filial Piety”

WU Heng-Zhong

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 59-62.

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As to what can be counted as “filial piety”, Confucius once explained to his students, “it means that you attend to your parents in the for
m of etiquette when they are living; it also means that you bury them in the form of etiquette and hold ceremonies for them in the form of etiquette when they are dead.” Confucius’s idea of “filial piety” takes the shape of “etiquette”. Derived from Confucius’s thinking of “etiquette and filial piety” is a relatively complete system of moral maxims that are rich in contents. In view of its moral significance, this thinking of Confucius’s is well worth careful and further study.

Aesthetics Is Rooted in the Depth of Hunan Nature——On the Aesthetical Anthropology thought Embodied in the “Letters of Aesthetical Education”

ZHANG Yu-Neng

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 63-68.

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In his “Letters of Aestheical Education”,Siller points out:Aesthetics i rooted in the depth of human nature,it is the object of game impulse which is the combination of perceptual impulse and rational impulse resulted from interraction of human character and human nature. these ideas have synthesized in a direct way the two aesthetic trends of continental rationalism and British empiricism,inherited Cante's aesthetic thought,and opened the way for Hegel to combine into one epistemolgical aesthetics,noumenon aesthetics and dialectial aesthetics.They are typical of Siller's aesthetical anthropology thought and are imbued with the same spirit of Marx's practical aesthetics.

Question of Aesthetic Identity under Globalization Context

JI Shui-He, YE Ren-Xiong

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 69-72.

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Aesthetic is one of pattern with which human history is explained. Essentially, it is a traditional discoiurse.Aesthetic identity problem will arise both in chronical level and in synchronical level, because of the historical context under which globalization and modernity interact.Therefore it is necessary to reconstruct aesthetic identity.

A Tentative Analysis of How ERP Makes Synthesized Application of Modern Management Technologies

WANG Xiao-Cheng

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 73-76.

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ERP is the product of the combination of up-to-date information technologies and modern management science. Originating from and transcending MRPⅡand with supply chain management as its hardcore, ERP integrates BPR, CRM and KM. This paper throws light on how ERP evolves to have such an integrative characteristic.

My Opinion on the Reform of the Rural Social Endowment Insurance

LIU Zi-Yun

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 77-81.

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It is a common problem in many countries that social endowment insurance fund is not sufficient, however, the real problem facing China’s social endowment insurance is that of great pressure brought by a great population base, accelerating process of aging and many retired before required age due to industry structure change as well. The solution is controlling the population, the core of which is to control the peasant population. In the market economy in order to attain this goal the government cannot but pay the transaction cost, that is, establishing the peasant endowment insurance system supported by its finance.

On the Status Quo of Japanese Family Enterprises and Their Development Plight

TANG Tao

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 82-85.

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In Japan,almost all enterprises,either large-sized transnational corporations or small-sized businesses,are run by families.They not only include economic organizations formed on the basis of marriage connections and blood ties but also those formed on the basis of non-blood relations admitted into the family,with the same operational concept.It is a general acknowledgement that any mode of system will have to make inno ations when lost,and similarly,any mode or system will become ageing and decayed in the due course of development.The Japanese family enterprises are now confronted with the same plight.

Modern Times, Modern History and Modern Historical Study

LEI Ge

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 86-89.

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As for a historian,his statement is existence.Therefore a historian should not be approved by people in an ordinary way.but should strive for being understood by people in an extraordinary way.In a sense,the statement of the contemporary historiography is a kind of pure political discourse.If it is could be said that historical events depend on memory,then the contemporary history restricts memory,and the statement of the contemporary historiography becomes the most common form of this kind of memory.

A Preliminary Study of Tusi Ethnic Minority Official of Ming and Qing Dynasties in Huguang Province

CHENG Zhen-Ming

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 90-93.

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This article makes a preliminary study on the ethnic official install situation and origin of Tusi in Huguang province during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.It is believed that the political administration of Tusi in Huguang province was divided into Prefecture, Qi(旗), and Dong(峒).The Xuanwei administration can be divided into three departments.the retired afficial department,the inherited official department and the experience department. The ethnic minority officials can be divided into local officials and mobile officials, and in the two systems included civil officials and military officers. This official system was influenced by the Wei(卫) office system of Ming Dynasty and the lüying system of Qing Dynasty mixed with the military appointment system of Ming and Qing Dynasties.

On the Xiangxi Newspaper and Periodical Publication Activities duing the Republic of the Pepulic of China

LI Duan-Sheng

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 94-99.

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Newspaper and periodical publications of the ten counties in Xiangxi during the period of the Republic of China(1912-1949) are not to be neglected in studying the history and culture of Xiangxi.The Xiangxi newspapers and periodical in this period underwent four stages of coming into being,development,decline and dying out.While researching their content and values,we should pay attention both to their passive aspects and to their active roles in the particular historical period,and not forget their function of recording the events in the local history.

A Study of the Overlapping of Single-character Adjectives in Chinese Language

MA Jun

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 100-103.

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There are two forms of single-character adjective overlapping:AABB and ABAB,which are employed to develop simultaneously the meaning denoted by the adjective.This figure of speech includes two conditions:joint narration and separate narration.The from of AABB is more commonly used than ABAB.The latter only exists in some single-character adjectives that can be used in the form of AABB.The overlapping of single-character adjectives is a way of creating new expressions.Mastering the rules of its usage may help advance word development.

The Main Differences Between British EnglishAnd American English

LI Xiang-Qun

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 104-107.

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English is one of widely used languages in the world. But, under the influence of geography, history, culture and social customs, English has divided into two major varieties: British English and American English,each having its own characters.This paper deals with the main differences between British English and American English in regard to spelling, pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. The more noticeable differences are phonetic and especially lexical. Grammatical differences between Br.E and A.E are few and trivial. Generally speaking, American English and British English in spelling are essentially the same, except that, as the following divergences show, the American variant is simpler than its English counterpart. The differences of American and British English vocabulary can be grouped into three categories.But the concept of differences must not be taken too far, because Br.E and A.E will be two major varieties of one language, not two different languages. With the rapid development of modern science, technology, mass media, constant cultural and economic exchanges bewteen these two nations, differences between them are becoming smaller. In practice, the tendency is towards better understanding between the people of the two countries.

On Appliance of Textual Theory to the Teaching of English Reading

CHEN Yi-De

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 108-110.

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Appliance of textual theory to the teaching of reading can help students quickly grasp the basic structure of the text,get the key points of sentences and paragraphs and regulate the reading speeding, thus directing their reading visual perspective from sentence level to textual level so as to acquire desirablea reading speed.

Situational Teaching:A mechanism of Converting Human Knowledge into Human Quality

LI Jian-Hua, HUANG Fei

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 111-115.

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Situational teaching is a mode developed on the basis of educational reform practice in our country,which,by creating unique teaching situation,may activate enthusiasm and initiative of the learning subject.In the present-day college education,human knowledge teaching and learning still stays at the level of “note-taking,note-reciting and note -examing”,far from internalizing knowledge into quality.Only by creating suitable situations and letting the students experience the great charm of humanistic spirit when taking in knowledge can human knowledge be converted into human quality.

Some Reflections on How Disadvantaged Universities Meet with the Challenges Brought about by the Examinees' University Selection in the Wave of Enrollment Enlargement

FU Run-Zhong

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 116-119.

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Enrollment enlargement is an important measure to promote the popularization of higher education,which,on the one hand,brings about unprecedented development opportunities for the higher learning institutes,on the other,it produces varying impacts upon colleges and university at different quality levels.This situation plunges some disadvantaged colleges and universities into an awkward position of insufficient students source quality decline and survival crisis.This article tries to put forth some countermeasures for colleges and universities that are in a disadvantaged position to solve the problems and difficulties caused by the wave of enrollment enlargement.

A New Understanding of File and Its Value Functions

JIANG Chao-Mei

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 120-122.

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This paper defines the content of files and makes a profound analysis of its value functions from the perspectives of the proof,eduation,aesthetics,economy,etc.

Talking About “Authority Feeling” Used in Art Teaching

TIAN Lu

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2002, 23(4): 123-124.

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Authority feeling is a sense perception by linking up or arousing another sense perception or an experience which feels and understands from one art kind to another art kind.During the art teaching using proper “authority feeling” can inspire students'study interest and art inspiration,develop students'thinking in images ability,imagintive ability and creative power and help teachers pass on art basic knowledge lively and vividly.It can has an effect of getting double result with half the effort by applying this method.

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