The political-economic essence of the Global Development Initiative (GDI) lies in the organic coupling of three pairs of dialectical relations within the global context: productive forces and relations of production, economic base and superstructure, and social development and national governance. This coupling determines that the six commitments of the GDI are driven by two dynamic pathways: a primary pathway running from productive forces to superstructure, and a secondary pathway running from superstructure back to productive forces. The primary pathway highlights the fundamental determining role of progress in material production, whereas the secondary pathway clarifies the reactive capacity generated by reshaped development conditions. The bidirectional movement of the two pathways extends the dialectical laws of social development and national governance to the global dimension, bringing about a dynamic fit in which global development guides global governance and global governance in turn advances global development. Furthermore, this political-economic essence shapes the practical orientation of the GDI: to unlock national development capacity and foster endogenous drivers for global development; to reconstruct interest distribution among states and forge partnerships featuring mutual-benefit and win-win outcomes; to optimize international regulatory systems and normalize the global development order; and to coordinate with the Global Governance Initiative and consolidate joint forces for global development. In this manner, theoretical logic translates into international practice and establishes a basic paradigm for global development transformation.