Journal of Jishou University(Social Sciences Edition)

Heidegger’s Existential Interpretation of the Unified Sense of Being

ZHU Yao-Ping

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2015, 36(5): 1-9.

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In the process of trying to unify the fourfold senses of Being，Heidegger realized step by step that the basic meaning of Being may be that in the sense of truth.For this reason，he paid special attention to the problem of truth in his phenomenological interpretation of Aristotle’s practical philosophy，with the result that the relationship between truth，Dasein and the manifestation of Beings became clear.For Heidegger，the mode of being of Dasein or its logos is distinguished from that of other entities in its role to disclose the Being of Beings.In other words，the unified sense of Being is based on the fact that the Being of all kinds of Being is grasped in the existential understanding of Dasein.

Rediscovery of Government:Humanology Study of Political Philosophy

LI Wu-Zhuang

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2015, 36(5): 10-15.

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The theory of natural rights,logic of assumption about human nature,and idea of bounded rationality constitute the humanological foundation of political philosophy.Based on the three progressive principles of supremacy of individual rights,rights alienation and bounded government,natural rights have developed a path to dispel evil by using rights to balance and restrict power.From the multiplication of the duality of good and evil of human nature,the foundation of moral judgment of political philosophy is gained,and whichever it might be,the one-dimensional political philosophy and political practice are neither self-sufficient nor perfect.Epistemology of bounded rationality and operation mode of bounded government,opposed to theories of unbounded rationality and omnipotent government,are created based on the limit of human cognitive competence and intelligence scope.In any case,the legal standard to meet the fundamental interests of mass people should be adopted when we discuss the political legitimacy and how to promote state governance system and modernization of governance capacity under the present conditions and framework.

Natural Aesthetic Consciousness in Neo-Confucianism Poetic School

LI Tian-Dao, LONG You-Jia

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2015, 36(5): 16-21.

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Neo-Confucianism Poetic School during the two Song Dynasties regards “Li” (meaning law of nature) as the origin of all things.“Li” is also called heavenly principle，thus man and nature are interdependent.Being the foundation of the integration of man and nature，“Li” dominates the ideological trend of that time，and writings are emphasized to convey truth.At the same time，based on the Confucianism idea that a man should possess moral value (emphasizing the combination of man’s nature and moral rule)，and also influenced by Zhangzai and Zhuxi’s theories (emphasizing dharma and intellectuality and the combination of sensibility and rationality)，Neo-Confucianism Poetic School praises highly self-satisfaction and being original on the one hand，and on the other hand it also presents a natural aesthetic consciousness.

“Fantastic Skill without Skill”：on the Paradox of Zhuangzi’s Skill Aesthetics

CHEN Huo-Qing

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2015, 36(5): 22-27.

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Zhuangzi replaces skill with fantastic skill which conforms to Dao (meaning that everything in the world exists and develops in a natural way)，thus fantastic skill，seemingly a kind of skill，has no definitive property of skill in essence.While skill has certain purpose，fantastic skill is to do things freely in a natural way；skill is a kind of creation which damages the original nature，but fantastic skill remains it.Fantastic skill is not realistic skill or its analogy，but the naturalized or idealized imagination，being mysterious.The logic result of fantastic skill is to cancel and deny realistic skill，hence the paradoxical sayings of“painting without painting” and “fishing without fish”.After later theoretical transformation，the unity of fantastic skill and realistic skill is achieved，and then appears the idea of “rule without rule” in artistic creation.

On Nanning’s Experience in Promoting the Unity of Chinese Nationalities

XU Jie-Shun

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2015, 36(5): 28-34.

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In this paper,the author introduces Nanning’s experience in promoting the unity of Chinese nationalities,holding that it is the theoretical expression of holism.Compared to the image of an elephant,the promotion of unity of nationalities is an indivisible whole,which is magnanimous,all-inclusive,and full of vigor.

On the Motivation of Bureaucratization of Native Tusi Officers in Wumeng and Zhenxiong Regions under Emperor Yongzheng’s Rule of Qing Dynasty——On the Essence of Bureaucratization of Native Officers in the Qing Dynasty

ZHANG Zhen-Xing

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2015, 36(5): 35-41.

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Bureaucratization of native officers in Wumeng and Zhenxiong Regions under Emperor Yongzheng’s rule of Qing Dynasty is a special strategy in a special region andunder special situation.The motivation of it is to eliminate threatens from Mongolia in the western Gobi desert and prevent Tusi rebellion in the southwestern regions.Bureaucratization of native officers in other southwestern regions at the same time is part of Emperor Yongzheng’s strategy to strengthen Qing Dynasty’s rule in these regions.Essentially,bureaucratization is not meant to dissolve the native officers in a large scale,nor to abolish Tusi system,but to change the local administration in the southwestern regions militarily and strategically.

Governmental Responsibility:Political Responsibility and Administrative Responsibility

ZHONG Ya-Dong

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2015, 36(5): 42-47.

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With the institutional construction of governmental responsibility,a lot ofaccountability work has been developed in the present building of eco-civilization.However,the popularization of accountability has brought much pressure to grassroots work.Faced with this,two sets of responsibility system,different and closely connected,should be set up,aiming at the characteristics of eco-civilization and employing the binary theory on politics and administration.Political responsibility represents a trust-agency relationship between society and politics,which adopts a non-fault accountability principle and exert functions to provide power and public opinion foundation to the users of public powers.Governments at all levels are the major bearers of political responsibility,the head being the main responsible person to report to organ of power.The ruling party is responsible for the country’s long-term construction of eco-civilization,which resolves its responsibility within its internal mechanism.Administrative responsibility represents an internal relationship of order-obedience within the executive departments of the power organ,which adopts a fault accountability system and pursues rational administration,the first-line staff being the major bearers.The smooth running of administrative responsibility is the foundation of political responsibility,which in turn is the base to maintain administrative responsibility effectively.

The Value of Indigenous Ecological Knowledge on Use and Maintenance of Water Resource

LUO Kang-Zhi

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2015, 36(5): 48-52.

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The traditional livelihood of the Dong,Miao,Zang,Sala,Hui,and Mongol that live in western China can have a perfect combination with water resource maintenance.On the basis of “recovering” the nationalities’ traditional livelihood,it is easy to discover that their maintenance and use of water resource provide enlightenment to present water resource management.As long as we explore and use ecological wisdom and skills of traditional culture of nationalities,making them integrate with modern science and technology,the dilemma of water scarcity will be remitted,and the perfect combination of efficient use and careful maintenance can be finally realized.

Innovation of Business Model under the Circumstances of Environmental Restriction in the Poverty-stricken Areas——A Case Study in Wuling Mountainous Areas

TIAN Yu, LU Fen-Fen

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2015, 36(5): 53-58.

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There are two types of innovation of business model under the circumstances of restriction of competitive environment and institutional environment:the type of exploitation and of exploration.Also,different innovation model leads to different innovation of business model.The exploitation type tends to exploit external market and make thelocal residents the producers and cooperators,while the exploration type,under the premise of domestic market,gradually expands outward and makes the local residents the producers and consumers.Besides,both of the two types actively seek help from the government,and develop non-formal contact with non-market participants.By employing local villagers and holding charity activities,they strengthen non-formal contact with local residents to promote the enterprises’ legality and improve their competitive advantages.

“Anti-planning” and the Research of Urban Land Reserve Structure and Supply Timing Optimization

WANG Zhen-Po, DI Jing-Tong, WANG Li-Yan

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2015, 36(5): 59-66.

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The reasonable structure of land reserve and supply timing is a key link in the process of urban land reserve，and is of great significance in the reform of land reserve system.Theconcept of “anti-planning”，based on the layout and construction of ecological infrastructure，provides a series of ecology-oriented ideas in urban planning，giving up the traditional mode of land reserve and supply which aimed at maximizing short-term economic interests and gave priority to construction land.The evaluation method of land value capture and urban land ecological carrying capacity should be applied to land reserve plan formulation.By doing this，the ecological infrastructure construction will promote ecological and social benefit，and the surrounding land value capture effect will produce higher economic value，bringing long-term economic benefits for the city.

Analysis on the Change of Sport Public Goods Suppliers from the Perspective of New Institutional Economics Theories

XIAO Hua, DU Mei, DUAN Juan-Juan, LI Ping, WANG Zhi-Ling, LI Rong-Ri

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2015, 36(5): 67-75.

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The change of sport public goods suppliers is the result of mutual influence，the first layer of which is game among sport public goods suppliers，and the second one is game between suppliers and demanders.The effectiveness of the related organization degree，the size of the transaction cost，the advanced level of technology，the change of the people's preference of sports，the sports events and the other institutional arrangements change are the important influence factors of the change of sport public goods suppliers.The way of change mainly includes the compulsory change，optional change and combination of both.

On the Occurrence Logic，Value and Mechanism Construction of Participatory Governance

ZHUANG Xiao-Hui, YANG Sheng-Ping

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2015, 36(5): 76-81.

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Democratization andopening is the development direction of modern politics.Participatory governance fundamentally reveals the nature of equality，democracy，and cooperation，and the necessity for participation as well.Reviewing the development of political theories and reforms in the past several decades，we can find that the traditional practice to look for improvement programs from the thought paradigm of the industrial age has fallen into a risk society，instead of promoting political reform and matching economic development.Participatory governance，a new paradigm which advocates multiple subjects’ direct participation in state governance，possesses some natural advantages in defining the subjects’ ecological niche，adjusting governance structure，perfecting state governance system，cultivating civil society，promoting political socialization，maintaining dynamic equilibrium，and consolidating governance effect.Therefore，constructing participatory governance mechanism，taking China’s governance practice into consideration is of great significance in promoting China’s modernization in state governance.

The Supply Dilemma and Reconstruction of Migrant Workers’ Public Cultural Services under the Guidance of the Government——An Idea of Social Supply and the Multi-subject Participation

LAN Jian

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2015, 36(5): 82-88.

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Lack of supply，uneven supply，and invalid supply are the major problems existing in the government-guided mode of public cultural service supply，which fails to meet the migrant workers’ increasing cultural demand.Based on the principle of multi-governance and participation，it is necessary to create conditions for the extensive participation of social forces，constructing a mode of multi-subject participation and social supply of migrant workers’ public cultural service.In doing this，the subjective status of the government should be rebuilt so that it can strengthen policy guidance and plan supervision as a whole；a relationship of equal cooperation between government and the market should be formed to realize the socialized cultural supply produced by enterprises and bought by government；government failure and market failure could be effectively remedied，and government-nongovernment cooperation and volunteer service could be encouraged to promote the participation of social organizations and public-benefit forces；and finally，the migrant workers’ cultural self-confidence could be inspired so that they can increase their own cultural awareness and excavate their potential of cultural creation.

Toward Recognition：Research Review on the Non-governmental Social Work Service Agencies（2009—2014）

ZHANG Fang, CI Qin-Ying

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2015, 36(5): 89-95.

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Social work service agencies need more recognition.The core issue of self-recognition is how to determine their own professional mission;the challenge from government recognition is to keep their independence and autonomy;social recognition requires the promotion from themselves and the government as well.However,lack of theoretical structure,single research method,and narrow research perspectives are noticeable in present research.The researchers should involve themselves more in the research of non-governmental social work service agencies’ pursuit in professionalism and autonomous practice,giving more attention to the interrelationship among government,society and themselves so as to explore the developmental mode that is suitable to the situation of China.

Study on the Strategy of “Buying Stability” in Social Conflict Resolution

WEI Chang-Wei, JIA Xiao-Guang

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2015, 36(5): 96-101.

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Buying stability has become a typical strategy for the local government to safeguard stability in resolving grassroots conflicts.It is a way in which the local government exchanges the stability it needs with the compromise of economic interests so that the disputing party will stop creating continuous unrest.This strategy，embedded in the baby-sitter relationship between the government and the individual in China，is the game result between government’s logic of non-accident and the individual’s logic of being good at intimidating.In practice，more and more local governments have taken it as a panacea in conflict resolution and it does work somehow.However，this should not be a good way to resolve conflicts because of the obvious negative effects.Thus，we should learn to get out of the vicious cycle of “buying stability”.

Disorder and Governance of Network Political Communication in the Frontier and Multi-ethnic Regions

LIU Jian-Hua

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2015, 36(5): 102-107.

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The system supply of online political participation in the frontier and multi-ethnic regions lags the system demand，leading to invalid and disordered online political communication.The multi-online ethos，frequent online political rumors，and fake news all contribute to disbelief between the government and society，greatly influencing social orders in these regions.In preventing extreme thoughts from communicating，capturing and analyzing online political rumors and fake news，social governance in the frontier and multi-ethnic regions should actively adapt to the new situation of online political communication.For example，new media should be applied，and official web portals，We-chat platforms and micro-blogs of government affairs strengthened，making them the new social governance platforms in the frontier and multi-ethnic regions.

On the Discourse Features of Environment Communication:Based on Paper Media’s Reports of Soil Pollution

TAO Xian-Du, LI Yan-Lin

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2015, 36(5): 108-114.

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Environment communication is not only the diffusion of environment issues,but also the subjects’ discourse presentation.The newspaper reports about soil pollution in our country can be an example to study the discourse features in environment communication.By analyzing 746 samples of newspaper reports about soil pollution from January 1^stto December 31^st，2013,it is found that the discourse rights among governments,experts,enterprises,NGOs and the public are unequal.The governments are dominant in the discourse right of the issue,experts being actively involved in it and enterprises trying to avoid it.Compared with these three,the environmental NGOs and the public are relatively weak to maintain discourse right.

A Brief Discussion on Preliminary Evidence in the Causal Relationship Testimony of Environmental Tort Action

BAO Xiao-Bo

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2015, 36(5): 115-121.

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The rule of reversion of burden of proof in environmental tort action is to the benefit of the accuser’s relief.However，the presumed conclusion lacks reliability and accuracy due to the incomplete logical structure of the rule.The guiding judicial opinion issued by the Supreme People’s Court requires that the accuser provide preliminary evidence to testify the possibility of causal relationship before the defendant reversely testifies the non-existence of causal relationship.This makes a balance of burden of proof between the accuser and the defendant，providing sufficient scientific basis for the application of the rule of reversion of burden of proof.In the practice of environmental tort action，the accuser’s preliminary evidence is only required to reach low probability standard，including official document，expert conclusion，academic works，and epidemiological statistical approach.However，the judicial interpretation should give detailed explanation to the means and standard of testimony of preliminary evidence.

Reasonableness and System Constructionof Prosecutors Involved in Environmental Public Interest Litigation

PENG Ben-Li

Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2015, 36(5): 122-128.

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Although “Civil Litigation Law” established environmental public interest litigation system，but does not specify which organs and tissues as the plaintiff，but also the lack of specific mechanisms and procedures for environmental public interest litigation，making the judicial application faces many difficulties.Because the prosecution is the most appropriate representative of environmental public interest，starting environmental public interest litigation meet the nature and functions of the prosecution，prosecutors also have expertise and capability to start environmental public interest litigation，so prosecutors have rationality to participate in environmental public interest litigation，even better environmental protection administration departments and other administration departments according to law.In the system construction，the author proposes the principle of the whole process involved in environmental public interest litigation for the prosecution，that participate in environmental public interest litigation by support sue，prosecutorial supervision，sue directly.Specific systems include registration，environmental public injury investigation，and filed litigation and so on.

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