吉首大学学报(社会科学版)

• 生态环保论坛:“邻避冲突”专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

“缺席”抑或“在场”?我国邻避抗争中的环境NGO——以垃圾焚烧厂反建事件为切片的观察

谭爽   

  1. (中国矿业大学(北京) 文法学院,北京 100083)
  • 出版日期:2018-03-01 发布日期:2018-01-29
  • 作者简介:谭爽,女,博士,中国矿业大学(北京)文法学院行政管理系副教授。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金青年项目(17CGL038)

"Absent" or "Present"? Environmental NGOs in NIMBY Conflicts in China——Observation on the Events of the Opposition to the Construction of Garbage Incineration Plants

TAN Shuang   

  1. (School of Law and Humanities,China University of Mining and Technology,Beijing 100083,China)
  • Online:2018-03-01 Published:2018-01-29

摘要:围绕“我国邻避抗争中环境NGO究竟是‘缺席’还是‘在场’”这一理论与实践争议,对5家垃圾议题NGO在垃圾焚烧厂反建事件中的行动进行持续观察与剖析,认为可将其策略解读为“缺席的在场”。即有异于西方邻避运动中环保组织的激进角色,我国大部分环境NGO的确“缺席”了对抗争的直接组织与推动,尚未成为公民环境维权的引领者和动员力量,但若放眼邻避抗争所依存的整个环境治理链条,很多组织则已具有显著“在场性”。其经过“获得—拓展—展演”三个阶段,成功实现从抗争中“孕育”与“脱胎”,并依循“直接”和“间接”两条路径完成对冲突治理的“反哺”。这一发现对我国邻避风险应对、环境困局破解以及社会组织的培育等可提供有益启示。

关键词: 邻避抗争, 邻避冲突, 环境NGO, 垃圾治理

Abstract: Whether the environmental NGOs were absent or present in the NIMBY conflicts in China is a controversial issue both in theory and practice.Through continuous observation on and analysis of the actions of five garbage-related NGOs in the events of the opposition to the construction of garbage incineration plants,we may regard that their strategies were both absent and present.On the one hand,different from the western radical environmental NGOs in NIMBY conflicts,they were actually absent in the direct organizing and promoting work in the NIMBY conflicts in a sense,failing to become the leaders and promoters in protecting civil environmental rights;on the other hand,many Chinese environmental NGOs were present if we take the whole environmental governance chains of NIMBY conflicts into consideration.Born in struggle and separated from it,they have succeeded in feeding the governance of NIMBY conflicts following direct and indirect ways after the three stages of "acquiring-expanding-performing".The findings provide useful enlightenment for China's NIMBY risk response,environmental dilemma and the cultivation of social organizations.

Key words: NIMBY struggle, NIMBY conflict, environmental NGO, garbage treatment

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