吉首大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 143-154.DOI: 10.13438/j.cnki.jdxb.2021.02.015

• 新时代 新青年 新学术:博士生论坛 • 上一篇    下一篇

从行政主体到功能标准:政府信息公开义务主体制度的反思与重构

李志武   

  1. (湖南师范大学 法学院,湖南 长沙 410006 )
  • 出版日期:2021-03-01 发布日期:2021-04-29
  • 作者简介:李志武,男,湖南师范大学法学院博士研究生。
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省哲学社会科学基金重点委托项目(15ZDB031)

From Administrative Subject to Functional Standard:Reflection and Reconstruction of the Subject System of Government Information Disclosure Obligation

LI Zhiwu   

  1. (Law School,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410006,China)
  • Online:2021-03-01 Published:2021-04-29

摘要:全国各地成立的新冠肺炎疫情防控指挥机构在疫情信息公开方面发挥了重要作用,然而该议事协调机构并非我国法定的政府信息公开义务主体,原因在于我国行政主体理论的缺陷导致政府信息公开义务主体制度存在诸多现实困境。对此,基于我国经济社会政治现实和政府信息公开义务主体接受性考虑,应在与行政主体理论分离基础上,从功能标准考虑,以是否依法享有、行使公共行政管理职权作为我国政府信息公开义务主体制度重构逻辑,它具有不再脱离行政组织机构设置实际、不再过分注重行政法上的独立人格、不再局限于国家行政职权、不再局限行政主体和行政诉讼被告资格相合一等优势。在进行具体重构时,可从以公共行政管理职权“名”“实”相统一确立政府信息公开义务主体的“质”、以公共行政管理职权合法性明确政府信息公开义务主体的“量”、以最先受理原则应对政府信息公开义务主体受理权冲突等方面努力。

关键词: 政府信息公开, 行政主体, 义务主体, 功能标准, 公共行政管理职权

Abstract: The COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control command organization set up all over the country has played an important role in the disclosure of epidemic information.However,this deliberation and coordination body is not the legal subject of government information disclosure obligation in our country.The reason is that the defects of the administrative subject theory lead to many practical difficulties in the government information disclosure obligation subject system.In this regard,based on the economic,social and political reality of our country and the acceptability of the subject of the obligation of government information disclosure,we should consider it from the functional standard on the basis of separation from the theory of administrative subject.Whether or not to enjoy and exercise the power of public administration in accordance with the law should be taken as the reconstruction logic of the subject system of government information disclosure obligation.The functional standard has many advantages:it is no longer divorced from the reality of administrative organization,no longer pays too much attention to the independent personality of administrative law;it is longer limited to national administrative functions and powers,and no longer limits the integration of administrative subject and administrative litigation defendant qualification and so on.When carrying on the concrete reconstruction,we can unify the "quality" of the obligation subject of government information disclosure with the name "reality" of the authority of public administration,clarify the "quantity" of the obligation subject of government information disclosure with the legitimacy of the authority of public administration,and deal with the conflict of the right of acceptance of the obligation subject of government information disclosure with the principle of first acceptance.

Key words: government information disclosure, administrative subject, obligation subject, functional standard, public administration authority

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