Abstract: Aristotle,the representative of the ancient political philosophy,not only stresses that citizens are the actors of city-state political,but also emphasizes virtues as the center of good community,which is the ideological resource of contemporary communitarianism.Liberal political philosophy shifts from emphasizing  the priority of the good to that of the right.Justice turns from the interests of a community as its heart to human rights or fundamental rights as its content.The difference between contemporary communitarianism and liberalism lies in what their theoretical point is,e.g.whether they appeal to the good of community or the rights.However,the issues of civil rights raised by Arendt,and the problems of global poverty have constituted the challenges to the right as the center of liberalism.

Key words: political philosopy, community, justice, rights, freedom