国际人权法的海洋争端适用：逻辑理据·制度困境·路径完善

doi:10.13438/j.cnki.jdxb.2023.04.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：国际海洋事务的多元发展日渐凸显海洋领域中国际人权保护的重要性。海洋法与国际人权保护的紧密关联不仅体现在法律文件的规范表达中，还体现在涉及国际人权法适用的海洋争端解决中。基于国际部门法逆“碎片化”价值取向、《联合国海洋法公约》条款设定以及国际条约解释规则，国际人权法在海洋争端中的适用可以实现逻辑自洽。但国际人权法的复杂性、海洋法公约条款的模糊性以及条约解释工具的技术缺陷，为国际人权法在海洋争端中的适用带来诸多阻碍。为保障国际人权法在海洋争端中的有效适用，应明确被适用人权规范的具体内涵，厘清海洋法公约条款的法律效力，并基于“真实联系”与“国家同意”完善“系统整合”解释方法，通过海洋争端的有效解决实现海上人权保护的终极目标。

关键词： 《联合国海洋法公约》, 国际人权法, 争端解决, 法律适用, 条约解释

Abstract: The diversified development of international marine affairs has increasingly highlighted the importance of international human rights protection at the sea.The close relationship between the law of the sea and international human rights protection is not only reflected in the normative expression of legal documents,but also in the settlement of marine disputes involving the application of international human rights law.Based on the value orientation of anti-fragmentation of international law,the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and the interpretative rules of international treaties,the application of international human rights law in marine disputes can be logically self-consistent.However,the complexity of international human rights law,the vagueness of the provisions of the UNCLOS and the technical defects of treaty interpretation tools have brought many obstacles to the application of international human rights law in marine disputes.In order to ensure the effective application of international human rights law in marine disputes,it is necessary to clarify the specific connotation of the applicable human rights norms and the legal effect of the provisions of UNCLOS,and improve the interpretation method of "systematic integration" under the premise of "genuine link" and "state consent".Through effective settlement of marine disputes,we can achieve the ultimate goal of human rights protection at sea.

Key words: United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), international human rights law, dispute settlement, application of law, treaty interpretation

徐攀亚. 国际人权法的海洋争端适用：逻辑理据·制度困境·路径完善[J]. 吉首大学学报（社会科学版）, 2023, 44(4): 76-88.

XU Panyu. The Application of International Human Rights Law in Marine Disputes:Logical Rationale,Institutional Dilemma and Path Completion[J]. Journal of Jishou University(Social Sciences Edition), 2023, 44(4): 76-88.

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