Abstract: There is a close and logical relationship between building a two-oriented society with optimizing the scale of government organization.By investigating the status of the government organizational scale of Xiangtan city and the influencing factor，this paper puts forward four suggestions for optimizing government organizational scale of Xiangtan city which is against the backdrop of the two oriented society so as to offer enlightenment for other local governments.The four suggestions are as followings:reconstructing the government function,standardizing the personnel configuration,strengthening the fiscal constraints and constructing regional administration.

Key words: two-oriented society, Xiangtan city, the scale of local government organization