Abstract: Due to demand of lowering transaction costs,the government has to face a policy transformation from environmental supervision to environmental management.The multiple social communities,including enterprises,non-governmental organizations,etc.,will make decisions and participate in the management,and they will also share the social responsibility and the costs to improve environmental quality,realizing a change from single management of public departments to a multiple one of public-private department and other social sectors as well.

Key words: environmental supervision, environmental management