Abstract: Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy in 1844 is the secret and birth place of Marxism philosophy,from which comes the original theoretical context of the concept of “society”.The connection of the concept of “society” with that of “category” is a critical transcendent,and the argument that “men are social existence” shows Marx’s deep perception on human nature.The distinction contained in the concept of “society” directly becomes an important value frame for Marx to criticize realistic society and human historical circumstances,and the formation of alienation labor theory indicates the initial direction of Marx’s critical discourse of “society”. 

Key words: Marx, society, category, alienation labor