Abstract: It is an important strategy assigned by the Party's Central Committee to build a new socialist countryside.Peasants are the main body in the drive,whose quality will directly affect the construction and development of the whole rural economy.It is vital to cultivate a new type of peasants who are literate,who understand technology,and who are capable of management.Suggestions are given as to how to improve the peasants’ quality.

Key words: market mechanism, new type of peasants, cultivate