Abstract: The discussion on scientific problems in “The New Youth” was upgraded to the nature of science,which had theoretic logical relationship with Chinese new literature.Under the situation of advocating science,the spirit of science became the superior.It decided the self-esteem position of realism (including naturalism) in modern China and caused the anti-scientific New Romanticism to lay behind,which should have been at the head position according to Evolution Concept of Literature.In terms of historical theories,the resistance to scientific conception of Chinese classical literature thought was against historical trend,but their values were seen in their criticism to the negative elements in the process of modernization of human society and in the modernization of aesthetics.

Key words: &ldquo, The New Youth&rdquo, Scientific Conception, the thought of Chinese mode