Abstract: The book Xian Cong Xiao written by Zhu Fu of the Song Dynasty,is a precious ethnical classics, which is widely quotedinthe fieldsof ethnology and  nationalities historical researches.The book,however contains many things on ancient natural science,which are some whats trange to cultural and historical research workers,thusre-sulting to many errors in the variouse ditions of the book. Most quoters concern themselves only with itssocial andcul-tural contents and ignore its documental values on many other things.Take its item on “Oulang”.It contains some an-cient science and technology on  ecological protection and wild resources employment,reflecting the ancient Miao and Yan peoples’ wisdom one cology,which is still of reference value to the present-day ecological protection and development of natural resources.

Key words: Xi Man Cong Xiao, Oulang, wisdomonecology