Abstract: The article probes into the causes of the poverty of the western regions. It points out that it is just the scarcity of manpower capital and lack of innovative spirits that make the western regions lag behind.Therefore, to realize the goal of western exploitation, the first thing to do is to cultivatean innovative spirit and to transform people’s idea. The author of the article holds that western exploitation should adhere to the principle, that education be given first and foremost priority that the creative entrepreneurs be fostered, and that man’s quality should be enhanced. As long as the bottle neck  problem of manpower capital can be solved, modernization in thewestern regions will become reality.

Key words: manpower capital, entrepreneur, innovative spirit, western exploitation, town and to wnship enterprise