Abstract: The differences,strengths and weaknesses between ancient Chinese management philosophies and Western modern management theories are mainly reflected in basic values of management,basic mode of thinking,management subject and objects,main goals of management,power base,basic management mode and characteristics of management innovation,etc.The main directions for both sides to draw lessons from each other are:China should draw lessons from the west in protecting the interests of entities and paying attention to fair competition and incentive,pursuing standardized behaviors of scientific management,emphasizing the economic benefits and efficiency,emphasizing democracy and “rule by law”,encouraging innovation and protecting innovation achievements,as well as beneficial results in western leadership theories and the field of business administration.On the other hand,western should draw lessons from China in the reasonable essence of management thoughts of people-oriented view,overall view,system view and contingency view,“the golden mean”,“self-discipline and stabilizing others”,“harmony is most precious”,“the realm of Great Harmony”,people-centered theory,“rule by Tao”,“rule by virtue” and “rule by wisdom”,as well as beneficial results in China’s management thoughts of ethical management,state management and military management,etc.

Key words: ancient Chinese management philosophies, Western modern management theories, differences, mutual learning