Abstract: “View of Stars and Fields ” is an influential ideology in Chinese history,which is originated from the Confucius concept of “Unity of Man and Nature”.The main point of the view is that regional space,including administrative division,should be in one-to-one correspondence with a particular star in the sky as well as the time process.Due to its tremendous impact on maintaining national unity,“chronicles of astronomy” and “chronicles of fields and stars” are recorded in government and local chronicles in various dynasties to reveal social characteristics,including sense of equality among different ethnic groups.With the help of such special historical data,it is a new attempt to identify the specific time when the multi-ethnic political system was established in China.By comparing the historical data of astronomy in Shiji（The Historical Records）and Hanshu (Book of Han),it may be affirmed that the multi-ethnic political system was indeed established in China in the most prosperous time of the Western Han Dynasty(206B.C-A.D.24),when Shiji was written.

Key words: View of Stars and Fields, the Western HanDynasty (206B.C-A.D.24), multi-ethnic political system, historical materials of astronomy