宋代六言绝句的绘画美和建筑美

吉首大学学报（社会科学版） ›› 2004, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (2): 17-22.

宋代六言绝句的绘画美和建筑美

（四川大学中国俗文化研究所，四川成都 610064）

出版日期:2004-04-15 发布日期:2012-08-15
作者简介:周裕锴(1954-)，男，四川新繁人，文学博士，四川大学中国俗文化研究所教授、博士生导师。

On the Picturesque Beauty and Architectural Beauty of the Six-Character Poem of the Song Dynasty

(Chines Folk Culture Research Institute of Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China)

Online:2004-04-15 Published:2012-08-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：六言绝句在节奏、声律方面缺乏音乐美，因此作为一种补偿，写作六言绝句的诗人便在形式上强化其绘画美和建筑美，尤其是宋代诗人更自觉地意识到这种“有意味的形式”的审美特征，即“清绝可画”和“事偶尤精”。六言绝句的绘画美来自颜色字、叠字（包括联绵字）、方位词、意象并置等具有绘画性质的词汇和构词方式。与五七言绝句相比，六言绝句更适合共时性的并列呈现、静态描绘，宜于传达粗略的总体印象，刻划客观的画面。六言绝句的建筑美来自精巧用典和工整对仗的结合，尤其是“多重工对”，在语言上表现为形、音、义和语法、修辞等复杂因素的均衡对称。

关键词： 六言绝句, 绘画美, 建筑美, 以画为诗, 用典, 对仗

Abstract: As the six-character poem lacks a musical melody in sound and rhythm,the poet tries to enhance its picturesque beauty and architectural beauty as a compensation while composing it,especially so did the poets of the Song Dynasty.The picturesque beauty of the poem lies in the use of characters denoting colour,reduplicated characters and locality characters.In contrast with the five-character or seven-character poems,the six-character poem is better suited to the presentation of static objects in parallelism and general impression.The architectural beauty of the poem comes from its exquisite allusions and symmetrical combinations in form,sound,meaning,grammar,figures,etc.

Key words: six-character poem, picturasque beauty, architectural beauty, picturesque poem, allusion, antithesis

周裕锴. 宋代六言绝句的绘画美和建筑美[J]. 吉首大学学报（社会科学版）, 2004, 25(2): 17-22.

ZHOU Yu-Kai. On the Picturesque Beauty and Architectural Beauty of the Six-Character Poem of the Song Dynasty[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2004, 25(2): 17-22.