关键词： 沈从文, 文学场, 自我主义, 集体良知, 中华文明生命体

Abstract: In the evaluation of Shen Congwen,literary historians have developed three aesthetic fields.They once took "reflection theory plus class theory" as the absolute standard,making Shen Congwen bear the literary history image of "emptiness and superficiality" for decades and the "original sin" of "class status"; they also held up "literariness" as the main aesthetic principle,regarding Shen Congwen as a "giant" who condensed the entire nation and thousands of years of history into the joys and sorrows of the soul.In the 1980s and 1990s,with the revaluation of values and the liberation of ideas,they turned to reconstruct Shen Congwen's literary history image with polyphony,diverse writing,and a global perspective,stabilizing his objective position in literary art and intellectual history.However,the literary connection field that writers and literary history have created is not a one-way street; rather,it is a kind of complex interaction between configuration and counter-configuration instead of a straightforward record and assertion.In the apparent and concealed "dialogs" with literary history,Shen continuously modified his writing approach and technologies of the self,shifting from novels to other domains like the study of material culture and classical poetry.This shift illustrates Shen's two aspects of individuality and collective conscience.It also sheds light on the movement of symbolic capital within the literary field and the intricate interplay between the writer,literature,and history as a social reality.Shen never stopped observing,thinking,and making social changes through his autobiographies,essays,letters,and poems.On the other hand,Shen investigated the possibility of opening up the poetic heart chain of "Western Hunan-China" by studying material culture and other research works with strong folklore characteristics in order to revive the spirit of the Chinese nation in the culture of western Hunan.Through this,the poetic link of "Western Hunan - China" can be opened up,and in the end,it can be fused into a Chinese civilization that people from all over the world can unite with.This suggests that a better community with a shared future for mankind might be reimagined.

Key words: Shen Congwen, literary field, egoism, collective conscience, a united Chinese civilization