吉首大学学报(社会科学版)

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道德律为何要像自然律——论康德哲学中道德与知识的关系

车辕   

  1. (北京化工大学 马克思主义学院,北京 100029)
  • 出版日期:2019-01-01 发布日期:2019-01-26
  • 作者简介:车辕,男,博士,北京化工大学马克思主义学院副教授。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金青年项目(15CZX033)

Why Should the Law of Morality Be Like the Law of Nature?:On the Relationship between Morality and Knowledge in Kant's Philosophy

CHE Yuan   

  1. (College of Marxism,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China)
  • Online:2019-01-01 Published:2019-01-26

摘要:康德重建形而上学的路径就是通过划界来区分开知识领域和实践领域。按照这样的方式,上帝和灵魂等在知识领域中被否定的形而上学理念在道德领域中被重新构建起来。因此理论理性是必然的,而实践理性则证明了自由。然而,这两个理性不是互不相关的,而是同一个理性在不同方面的表现。在知识论和伦理学领域中都可以发现其理性主义根基,因此康德才提出“自然世界是理智世界的模型”以及“道德律要像自然律”的命题。康德的三大批判体系是相互融洽贯通的,共同构建出一个理性大厦的完整框架。

关键词: 自由, 必然, 理性, 道德, 知识, 康德

Abstract: The path of Kant's reconstruction of metaphysics is to distinguish the field of knowledge from the field of practice through demarcation.In this way,metaphysical concepts such as God and soul,which are denied in the field of knowledge,are rebuilt in the field of morality.Therefore,theoretical rationality is inevitable,while practical rationality proves freedom.However,the two rationality are not unrelated,but the performance of the same rationality in different aspects.The rationalism foundation can be found in both epistemology and ethics,so Kant put forward the proposition that "the natural world is the model of the rational world" and "the moral law should be like the natural law".Kant's three critical systems are harmonious and coherent,and jointly construct a complete framework of rational edifice.

Key words: freedom, inevitability, rationality, morality, knowledge, Kant

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