吉首大学学报(社会科学版)

• 民族学与人类学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

土王祭祀、家族建构与国家认同——以湘西田家洞村舍巴节为中心的考察

李凌霞   

  1. (吉首大学 历史与文化学院,湖南 吉首 416000)
  • 出版日期:2017-05-01 发布日期:2017-05-06
  • 作者简介:李凌霞,女,博士,吉首大学历史与文化学院讲师。
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省教育厅优秀青年科研项目(16B216);吉首大学国家社科基金培育项目(16SKA010);武陵山区民族生态文化研究协同创新中心项目(16JDZB091);吉首大学引进人员科研资助经费研究项目(jsdxrcyjkyxm201101)

Tuwang Worship,Family Construction and State Identity:An Investigation of Sheba Festival in Tianjiadong Village of Xiangxi

LI Lingxia   

  1. (College of History and Culture,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,Hunan China)
  • Online:2017-05-01 Published:2017-05-06

摘要:土王崇拜与祭祀之风,土司时代曾经遍及湘西土司区及周边地区,是当地最为普遍且重要的祭祀活动。清代改土归流后,田家洞长官司后裔用文字建立家族谱系,重建符合正统身份的祖先记忆,家户层面的土王崇拜被转化为神龛祭祖的形式,公共祭祀层面的土王崇拜也出现了家族化的趋势,土王神被赋予社神、五谷神和田氏祖先等多重角色。土王祭祀活动的变迁,折射出清代湘西土司区社会在国家力量直接渗透之下独特的历史发展脉络,是民间社会主动操控地方文化和权力资源,对国家正统文化和意识形态借用和创造的结果。

关键词: 土王祭祀, 家族建构, 国家认同, 土家族

Abstract: Tuwang (live Tusi,the leader of Tujia ethnic group) worship and ritual were popular in Xiangxi and its surrounding areas during the Tusi times.After gaituguiliu (bureaucratization of native officers) in the Qing Dynasty (1636—1912),the descendants of Tusi in Tiangjiadong Village established family linage with characters and reconstructed ancestor memory that beseemed their identities.Tuwang was endowed to several important gods.The transition of Tuwang worship and ritual reflects the unique historical development of the Tusi-ruled areas in Xiangxi directly permeated by state power,showing a fact that the folk society has actively controlled local culture and power to change cultural legitimacy and ideology.

Key words: Tuwang (live Tusi,the leader of Tujia ethnic group) worship, family construction, state identity, Tujia ethnic group

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