关键词： 胡塞尔, 《逻辑研究》, 先验现象学还原, 人类主体性悖论, 笛卡尔式的道路

Abstract:

The meaningful breakthrough of what Logical investigations brought lies in its discovery of subjectivistic aspect of world phenomenon.However,when Husserl tried to elucidate the correlation between world and subjectivity,he encountered the following problem:while human subjectivity is a part of world,how could it play the role as the condition of the world at the same time? This is what is called the paradox of Human Subjectivity.As Husserl realized shortly,the antithesis is caused by the confusion between the empirical consciousness and the transcendental consciousness,which could be clarified by the method of the transcendental phenomenological reduction.For Husserl,there are three different paths to the transcendental reduction:(1) the Cartesian way,(2) phenomenological psychology,(3) ontology.The transcendental reduction consists of the following two steps:firstly,the reduction of the world and the objects to the phenomenon given by consciousness;secondly,the reduction of the empirical consciousness to the transcendental consciousness.Compared with the other two ways,the Cartesian way failed to make a distinction between the above two steps,with the result of the distortion and underestimation of the sense of the transcendental reduction,which can be used to explain why Husserl had tried his best to blaze the other two ways.

Key words: Husserl, Logical Investigations, the transcendental phenomenological reduction, the paradox of human subjectivity, the Cartesian way