Abstract: Strengthening the governance of the ecological environment and improving the quality of it are important issues concerned by China's national governance at present and for a long time in the future,and the implementation of local governments' environmental protection responsibilities is the key to the realization of smooth environmental governance."Responsibility system of environmental protection" is a policy tool with Chinese local characteristics for environmental mobilized governance to reshape local environmental responsibility.It takes the high-level promotion as the power source,the interest connection as the mechanism,and the joint responsibility of the Party and government as the target for the implementation of local environmental protection responsibility.In case of the failure of pollution control at the departmental level,or of the sudden and major incidents that need urgent settlement,it obtains the ultimate effect of environmental governance by raising the environmental protection task to the political task to highly strengthen the environmental protection responsibility of the subordinate Party and government subjects.Its utility mechanism is to avoid the ambiguity of the responsibility of the governance subjects through goal decomposition,to alleviate the squeeze of the responsibility of environmental governance through task centralization,and to avoid perfunctory implementation of policies through restraint of rigidity.In spite of the achievements so far,it also gives rise to some problems,in which the executive-led government ignores the responsibility of public participation in governance,the heavy task induces the reverse game of subordinate organizations,and path dependence leads to unsustainable governance results.To overcome the defects of responsibility system of environmental protection,we need to build a collaborative system,expand the space for consultation and negotiation,and promote a long-term mechanism under the guidance of the concept of participatory,flexible,and sustainable governance.

Key words: responsibility system of environmental protection, target management responsibility system, campaign-style environmental governance, environmental protection responsibility, policy tool