Abstract: Private Property and Communism is an important content of Marx's Economics Philosophy Manuscript in 1844,the reversion from the alienated man to the return of human nature being the theme of it.The material and emotional expression of alienated human life is the core nature of private property.The essence of communism is to return to human nature.The "socialism" in this article should be interpreted as "a positive self consciousness for the possession of human nature",which consciously guides the liberation and restoration of human beings to the ultimate development.The above views are of great significance for the in-depth understanding of Marx's communist ideology.

Key words: private property, alienation, communism, socialism；Marx