Abstract: As globalization intensifies,cultivating students' global competence and encouraging adolescents to actively engage in global governance have become central imperatives in the field of global education governance.This study employs a modeling analysis based on the assessment results of the OECD'sProgram for International Student Assessment (PISA) to investigate the key factors shaping adolescents' global competence.The findings reveal significant clustering effects among influencing factors across multiple levels.At the student level,factors such as knowledge,skills,and attitudinal dimensions pertaining to global competence,engagement in reading and science learning,career aspirations,and information technology usage exert significant positive effects on global competence.At the school level,resource provision,teachers' educational attainment,and instructional practices are closely associated with global competence.At the national and regional level,per capita GDP,uncertainty avoidance as measured by Hofstede's cultural dimensions,and individualist versus collectivist cultural orientations significantly influence global competence performance.These findings not only provide empirical support and policy insights for cross-national strategies to foster adolescents' global competence but also offer valuable implications for systematic efforts to cultivate global competence within China's basic education context.First,global issues,cross-cultural communication,and multicultural value education should be further integrated into the curriculum to strengthen adolescents' global awareness and capacity for action.Second,the allocation of educational resources should be optimized,teachers' competencies in global competence education and career guidance should be enhanced,and the synergy between information technology support and international understanding education should be strengthened to foster a diverse,open,and inclusive campus environment,thereby effectively enhancing adolescents' adaptability and competitiveness in a globalized world.Finally,the cultivation of global competence must not overlook the complex influence of deep-seated cultural psychological structures.On the basis of respecting local cultural values,progressive cross-cultural experiences,contextual support,and value clarification education should be employed to guide adolescents in developing a more open,confident,and reflective global vision,achieving a deep integration between cultural rootedness and global mobility.

Key words: student, global competence, Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), random forest regression algorithm, hierarchical linear model, educational big data