Abstract: The difference between Marx's concept of modern tragedy and any previous theory of tragedy is that Marx put forward and thought about it from the sense of social contradiction in modern society and its final solution,taking the socialist goal as the inevitable requirement of history.Due to the limitation of historical conditions,this goal cannot be realized in the process of social development,so the concept of modern tragedy is the artistic expression of this conflict.Marx's concept of modern tragedy has profound tragic humanism,which is of great significance for the establishment of ideals and beliefs in contemporary society.The socialist goal in the modern tragic concept of Marxism (called utopia by western scholars) is the core idea of Chinese aesthetic modernity.Because of the particularity of Chinese society and culture,the double helix structure composed of "homesickness Utopia" and "Red Utopia" has become the basic structure of Chinese aesthetic modernity.This emotional structure has released great energy in the process of modernization of Chinese society,in which the dialectical tension has enabled the Chinese people to support their feelings and hearts in the process of suffering and modernization,and to maintain hope in despair.This is a cultural force and emotional pillar that moves forward tenaciously in the face of failure,and also the reason why the theory of literature and art has always had a strong force in the process of China's modernization.

Key words: concept of modern tragedy, aesthetic modernity, Marx, Engels, aesthetic