Abstract: Tuguan administrative system,established in the Wuling Mountainous Areas in the Yuan Dynasty (1271—1368),was a special administrative model combining ethnic people and their regions.The establishment of Anfusi (a kind of administrative unit) was a symbolic administrative control;the local barbarian chiefs implemented substantive autonomy;the social organizations in Xizhou (covering some counties in today's Xiangxi regions) had integrally continued.All these had formed the basic frameworks of the administrative system in the Wuling Mountainous Areas in the Yuan Dynasty.This model emphasized administration units at the grass-roots level,yet ignored the administration of the people in those uncivilized areas,so the barbarians had never been legally registered.To prevent the rebels of the barbarians,Anfusi,militarily and politically integrated,had to be kept long,and this led to the failure of the establishment of regular administrative system in the Wuling Mountainous Areas.

Key words: the Wuling Mountainous Areas in the Yuan Dynasty, Anfusi(a kind of administrative unit), barbarian chiefs, cave villages