Abstract: Chinese freedom is no more than a moment have whatever is desired freedom of conscience.Freedom of conscience has more ethical values and be lack of awareness of political liberty.In the middle of Ming Dynasty，the rise ofYangming philosophy of mind is the reaction against Cheng and Zhu’s Neo-Confucianism，revived the conscience free thought.Later，Li Zhi discussed the relationship between private interests and public morality，he will be let the political affairs free from Confucian ethics’s criticism，paied attention to the unity and stability of political order；on the other hand，he criticized the simple standard of conscience，accept the individual rational desire and the various faith，his thought inherited and developed the Yangming’s freedom of conscience，then the philosophy of mind had the ideological factors of modern freedom.

Key words: the philosophy of mind, enlighten, the freedom of conscience, political liberty, LI Zhi