湘西苗族民间苗文造字体系

吉首大学学报（社会科学版） ›› 2008, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 130-134.

湘西苗族民间苗文造字体系

（1.吉首大学文学与新闻传播学院，湖南吉首 416000；2.湘西电视台，湖南吉首 416000）

出版日期:2008-11-15 发布日期:2012-05-08
作者简介:杨再彪（1965-），男，湖南花垣县人，博士研究生，吉首大学文学与新闻传播学院教授，硕士生导师。罗红源（1969-），女，湖南张家界人，湘西电视台记者。

On the Folk Coinage of Characters of the Miao People in Xiangxi Area

(1.College of Literature and Journalism,Jishou University,Jishou,Hunan 416000,China;2.Xiangxi TV Station,Jishou,Hunan 416000,China)

Online:2008-11-15 Published:2012-05-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要：1956年，政府为湘西苗族创制出了一套通用的拉丁字母苗文。这之前，湘西苗族没有一套通用的苗文，但在民间，曾经创制过汉字苗文、古丈苗文、板塘苗文、老寨苗文和速写苗文共5种用于书写湘西苗语的民间文字。其中汉字苗文、古丈苗文、板塘苗文和老寨苗文四种属于汉字式文字，速写苗文属于汉字式字母文字，它们各在一定的地域和范围内运用。构形上4种汉字式文字以方块汉字为基本构形，互相之间有同有异；速写苗文属仿汉语拼音注音符号创造的一套符号，而非方块汉字。造字方法主要有假借、形声、会意、类推和注音法。

关键词： 汉字苗文, 古丈苗文, 板塘苗文, 老寨苗文, 速写苗文, 造字方法

Abstract: In 1956,a set of Latin alphabet was coined by the government for the common use of the Miao People in Xiangxi(the western part of Hunan Province).However,though no writing system existed and was commonly used in the area before that,five kinds of Miao characters were made in the folk society,among which four belonged to words of quadrate Chinese characters,and one belonged to alphabetic Chinese characters,each being used in different areas.The methods of coinage of Miao characters included phonetic loan characters,pictophonetic characters,associative compounds,analogy,and alphabetization.

Key words: Miao characters in the form of Chinese characters, Miao characters in Guzhang, Miao characters in Bantang, Miao characters in Laozhai, sketch Miao characters, coinage of characters

杨再彪, 罗红源. 湘西苗族民间苗文造字体系[J]. 吉首大学学报（社会科学版）, 2008, 29(6): 130-134.

YANG Zai-Biao, LUO Hong-Yuan. On the Folk Coinage of Characters of the Miao People in Xiangxi Area[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Social Sciences）, 2008, 29(6): 130-134.