Abstract: Strengthening the resilience of China's grain industry chain and supply system is not only an inevitable choice based on the national reality of a "large country with smallholder farming",but also a key driver for promoting high-quality agricultural development.Under the all-encompassing approach to food,several critical challenges currently constrain the stability and adaptability of China's grain supply system:imbalance between supply and demand,resource and technological constraints that limit the stable production of primary agricultural products and weaken the upstream foundation of the chain; lagging development of grain logistics infrastructure,low efficiency in risk prevention,and limited capacity to respond to emergencies and market fluctuations;inefficient information flow,slow progress in industrial integration,and insufficient momentum for green transformation; as well as fragmented policy support,shortage of skilled agricultural professionals,and delayed digitalization—all of which significantly undermine self-reliance and control over the grain system.To address these challenges and enhance the resilience of the grain industry chain and supply system,China should follow a strategic framework centered on "consolidating foundations,improving efficiency,containing risks,and ensuring autonomy",and develop a multidimensional set of pathways.These include optimizing the structure of agricultural supply,safeguarding arable land boundaries,and enhancing crop breeding innovation to reinforce the foundational links of the chain;accelerating the modernization of logistics infrastructure and improving the grain distribution system through intelligent technologies to boost operational efficiency.It is also important to establish integrated information platforms to promote deeper integration between the grain sector and secondary and tertiary industries while strengthening risk prevention mechanisms,to intensify efforts in cultivating agricultural talent,to advance the integration of digital technologies into grain industry development,to build an independent technological innovation system,and ultimately drive the modernization of the grain industry to ensure long-term national food security.

Key words: an all-encompassing approach to food, food security, diversified food supply system, grain industry chain and supply chain, resilience